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Factors associated with breastfeeding in infants with trisomy 21

Larissa Melgaço Campos1, Ana Elisa Ribeiro Fernandes2, Andréa Rodrigues Motta3

  • 1Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fonoaudiológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil.

Codas
|December 11, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Factors like sex, lung disease, formula use, early breastfeeding, and pacifier use influence breastfeeding duration in infants with Down syndrome (T21). Early interventions addressing difficulties can improve outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Genetics
  • Lactation Science

Background:

  • Infants with Down syndrome (T21) often face unique challenges with feeding.
  • Understanding factors influencing breastfeeding is crucial for infant health and development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine breastfeeding (BF) and exclusive BF duration in infants with T21.
  • To examine associations between clinical/myofunctional orofacial factors and BF/exclusive BF at 6 months and 1 year.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective, longitudinal, observational study of 90 infants with T21.
  • Data collected via questionnaires, videos (lip/tongue posture), and medical records at 6 and 12 months.
  • Statistical analysis using Pearson's chi-square test (significance level: 5%).

Main Results:

  • Male infants showed association with BF/exclusive BF at 6 months.
  • Formula use correlated with absence of BF; early BF (first hour) with BF in the first year.
  • Lung disease, BF difficulties, latching issues, low milk production, and pacifier use were associated with BF duration.

Conclusions:

  • Male sex, lung disease, formula use, early BF initiation, BF difficulties, low milk production, and pacifier use are significant factors affecting BF in T21 infants.
  • These findings highlight areas for targeted support and intervention to promote successful breastfeeding.
Abstract

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