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Related Concept Videos

Stroke: Introduction and Types01:29

Stroke: Introduction and Types

A stroke is an acute neurological event caused by the sudden disruption of cerebral blood flow, leading to rapid loss of neuronal function. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief interruptions can cause irreversible injury within minutes. Strokes are classified into ischemic and hemorrhagic types.Ischemic StrokeIschemic strokes are most common and occur due to arterial occlusion, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. This leads to energy failure, ionic...
Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Brain Infarct Segmentation and Registration on MRI or CT for Lesion-symptom Mapping
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Validity of Nonspecific Stroke Location ICD-10 Subcodes: A Descriptive Study.

Jason L Hirsch1, James F Burke2,3, Raed Hailat2,3

  • 1The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA, jason.hirsch@osumc.edu.

Cerebrovascular Diseases Extra
|December 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Most ischemic stroke hospitalizations coded with nonspecific/unspecified vascular regions had confirmed infarcts. Lower NIHSS scores and posterior circulation lesions were common, indicating potential coding bias.

Keywords:
Descriptive studyHealth servicesICD-10 codesImagingIschemic strokeMRIStroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Medical Informatics
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Investigating imaging characteristics of stroke hospitalizations with nonspecific/unspecified vascular region subcodes.
  • Assessing for systematic bias in the utilization of these subcodes within stroke coding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe imaging findings in stroke hospitalizations coded with nonspecific/unspecified vascular region subcodes.
  • To evaluate potential systematic bias in the application of these ICD-10 subcodes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 5,234 first ischemic stroke hospitalizations from 2018-2022.
  • Imaging review of 200 randomly selected hospitalizations (100 nonspecific, 100 specific subcodes).
  • Multilevel logistic regression to assess bias in subcode use, considering primary provider.

Main Results:

  • 43% of ischemic stroke hospitalizations received nonspecific/unspecified subcodes.
  • Of reviewed cases, 85% had imaging-confirmed infarcts in specific locations (45% anterior, 40% posterior circulation).
  • Lower NIHSS scores and non-neurological specialist involvement were associated with nonspecific subcode use.

Conclusions:

  • Most nonspecific stroke codes correspond to specific infarct locations, particularly posterior circulation.
  • Coding bias is suggested by associations with lower NIHSS and specialist type, though variance explained is modest.
  • Researchers should acknowledge limitations and use sensitivity analyses when utilizing these subcodes due to potential bias.