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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

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Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
445
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

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Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

445
Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
445
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

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Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
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Integrin Inhibitors for Ulcerative Colitis Treatment.

Takanao Tanaka1, Keiichi Tominaga2, Shunsuke Kojimahara2

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan, tana1986@dokkyomed.ac.jp.

Digestion
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PubMed
Summary

Integrin inhibitors offer a novel approach to treating ulcerative colitis by blocking lymphocyte infiltration into the gut. These agents target integrin, an adhesion molecule crucial for immune cell migration, thereby controlling inflammation.

Keywords:
Carotegrast methylIntegrin inhibitorUlcerative colitisVedolizumab

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with unknown causes.
  • Immune system dysregulation plays a key role in its pathogenesis.
  • Targeted therapies are emerging to address specific molecular pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanism of action for integrin inhibitors in ulcerative colitis.
  • To review the clinical utility and positioning of available integrin inhibitors.
  • To discuss the ongoing development of novel integrin-targeting agents.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on integrin inhibitors and ulcerative colitis.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data for vedolizumab and carotegrast methyl.
  • Examination of the molecular interactions involving integrins and leukocytes.

Main Results:

  • Integrin inhibitors selectively block integrin, a leukocyte adhesion molecule.
  • This blockade suppresses lymphocyte infiltration into the intestinal tract.
  • Vedolizumab and carotegrast methyl demonstrate efficacy in managing ulcerative colitis.

Conclusions:

  • Integrin inhibitors effectively target ulcerative colitis pathogenesis.
  • They control inflammation by preventing immune cell migration to the gut.
  • Further development of integrin inhibitors holds promise for ulcerative colitis treatment.