Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Brain Waves

Brain Waves

Brain waves are electrical signals generated by the neurons in the brain, which are regularly monitored to measure mental activities. Brain waves and their frequency ranges can be measured using an electroencephalogram or EEG. There are four main types of brain waves, each with distinct characteristics:

Electrocardiogram

Electrocardiogram

An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and the T...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Influence of an AQP4 haplotype and sleep duration on early Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026

Same author

Association of an Aquaporin-4 Haplotype With Cognition, Brain Volume, and Dementia Risk in Community-Dwelling Individuals Without Dementia.

Neurology·2026

Same author

Examining neuroimaging biomarkers, plasma biomarkers and cognitive functions in patients with recovered COVID-19 infection: a multicentre study using 7T MRI.

Brain communications·2026

Same author

Lifelong trajectories of modifiable vascular risk factors and relation to cerebral small vessel disease in the Framingham Heart Study.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026

Same author

Hearing loss in the young-old is associated with increased risk for Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD·2026

Same author

A data driven approach to assess relationships between sleep, cognition and dementia: Findings from the Sleep and Dementia Consortium.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients

Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients

Published on: December 18, 2016

High-Gain Analysis of Postictal sEEG Suppression Identifies Otherwise Invisible Multifrequency Activity, Including

Kameel M Karkar¹, Sreekanth Koneru¹, Amy Werry-McFarlin¹

¹Departments of Neurology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, Texas.

Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society

|December 11, 2025

Summary

High-gain review of stereo-EEG revealed previously undetected high-frequency brain activity during postictal suppression. This finding challenges assumptions about the postictal state and may explain seizure-like behaviors.

Keywords:

PGES Postictal gamma power Postictal high-frequency oscillations Postictal semiology Postictal state Postictal suppression

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Advancing Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery in Children Through Novel Biomarkers and Enhanced Localization

Author Spotlight: Advancing Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery in Children Through Novel Biomarkers and Enhanced Localization

Published on: September 20, 2024

Author Spotlight: Unraveling Seizure Dynamics and Novel Therapeutics for Status Epilepticus Using CMOS High-Density Microelectrode Array Systems

Author Spotlight: Unraveling Seizure Dynamics and Novel Therapeutics for Status Epilepticus Using CMOS High-Density Microelectrode Array Systems

Published on: September 27, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients

Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients

Published on: December 18, 2016

Author Spotlight: Advancing Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery in Children Through Novel Biomarkers and Enhanced Localization

Author Spotlight: Advancing Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery in Children Through Novel Biomarkers and Enhanced Localization

Published on: September 20, 2024

Author Spotlight: Unraveling Seizure Dynamics and Novel Therapeutics for Status Epilepticus Using CMOS High-Density Microelectrode Array Systems

Author Spotlight: Unraveling Seizure Dynamics and Novel Therapeutics for Status Epilepticus Using CMOS High-Density Microelectrode Array Systems

Published on: September 27, 2024

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Epileptology
EEG Analysis

Background:

Traditional assumptions suggest minimal or slow brain activity post-seizure.
Recent studies indicate higher frequency activity, but its presence during suppression is debated.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the presence of high-frequency brain activity during postictal suppression using stereo-EEG.
To challenge the assumption of absent or slow brain activity in the postictal period.

Main Methods:

Stereo-EEG data from six focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures were analyzed.
Ultra-high gain review (2-5 μV/mm) and time-frequency spectrographic analysis were employed.
Gamma band power in the seizure onset zone was quantified and compared to preictal baseline.

Main Results:

Ultra-high gain review revealed hidden mixed-frequency and high-frequency oscillatory activity.
Significant postictal suppression (18.46 μV) did not completely abolish EEG power, including gamma activity.
Persistent ictal discharges were observed under apparent suppression in one case.

Conclusions:

Stereo-EEG review at ultra-high gain and spectrographic analysis unmasked low-power, high-frequency activity during postictal suppression.
This activity includes intermittent high-frequency oscillations and early sharp activity.
The findings challenge the declaration of the postictal state onset and may explain postictal behaviors.