Acute Exercise-Induced Energy Expenditure and Substrate Oxidation Rates Might Not Be Associated With Subsequent
David Thivel1,2, Duane Beraud1,2, Julie Siroux1,2
1Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise Under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Pediatric Obesity
|December 11, 2025
Summary
Acute exercise reduced energy intake in adolescents with obesity, but energy expenditure and substrate oxidation were not linked to appetite control. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Pediatric Obesity
- Appetite Regulation
Background:
- Acute exercise impacts energy intake in adolescents with obesity.
- The role of exercise-induced energy expenditure and substrate oxidation in appetite control is unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of energy expenditure and substrate oxidation during acute walking exercise on subsequent appetitive responses in adolescents with obesity.
Main Methods:
- 25 adolescents with obesity underwent a control (CON) and exercise (EX) condition.
- Exercise involved 40-min walking; indirect calorimetry assessed energy expenditure and substrate use.
- Subsequent ad libitum energy intake, appetite sensations, and food reward were measured.
Main Results:
- Post-exercise energy intake was lower in the EX condition compared to CON (950 ± 226 vs. 1083 ± 253 kcal).
- Appetite sensations did not differ, but liking/wanting for fat and wanting for taste decreased post-exercise.
- Energy expenditure, fat, and carbohydrate oxidation rates were not associated with subsequent appetite measurements.
Conclusions:
- Exercise-induced energy expenditure and substrate oxidation may not directly influence short-term appetite and energy intake in this population.
- Further studies with varied exercise types are required to elucidate these relationships.
Related Concept Videos
01:18Metabolic States of the Body: The Postabsorptive State
1.2K
The postabsorptive state usually starts about four hours after a meal and lasts until the next meal is eaten. During this time, the digestive system stops absorbing nutrients, and the body uses stored energy reserves to maintain stable blood glucose levels.
Initially, glycogen stored in the liver is broken down to release glucose into the bloodstream, while glycogen in the muscles is broken down to supply glucose for energy directly within the muscle cells. As glycogen stores diminish,...
Initially, glycogen stored in the liver is broken down to release glucose into the bloodstream, while glycogen in the muscles is broken down to supply glucose for energy directly within the muscle cells. As glycogen stores diminish,...
1.2K
01:25Metabolic Rate
1.1K
The human body is a powerhouse of energy, with every cell performing numerous functions that require energy. This energy production and consumption is measured by the metabolic rate, which quantifies the total heat generated by all the body's chemical reactions and mechanical work. This measurement helps to determine the rate of kilocalorie (kcal) consumption needed to fuel all ongoing activities.
The Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) measures the energy expended at rest.
Several factors influence...
The Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) measures the energy expended at rest.
Several factors influence...
1.1K
01:24Metabolic States of the Body: Fasting and Starvation
2.6K
During the initial hours of fasting, the body uses up its glycogen stores as an energy source. Once these glycogen reserves are depleted, the body begins breaking down stored triglycerides and structural proteins. During this stage, glycerol becomes a key substrate for gluconeogenesis, while free fatty acids undergo beta-oxidation to provide energy for tissues, such as skeletal muscle. In the fasting state, the body spares protein breakdown as much as possible to conserve muscle and structural...
2.6K
01:20Exercise and Cardiovascular Response
3.8K
Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
3.8K
01:24Obesity
1.1K
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
1.1K
01:19Energy Balance
989
The human body gets energy from the three macronutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Energy is released when the chemical bonds in the organic compounds present in the food are broken down. The energy content of food is measured in kilocalories (kcal), defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius. This value is determined by measuring the temperature change of the water surrounding a calorimeter after the complete...
989