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Local Neuronal Ensembles That Coreactivate across Regions during Sleep Are Preferentially Stabilized.

Hiroyuki Miyawaki1, Kenji Mizuseki1

  • 1Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan miyawaki@omu.ac.jp mizuseki.kenji@omu.ac.jp.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|December 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Neuronal ensemble stability is key for memory. Inter-regional coactivation during sleep, especially during fast oscillations, helps preserve these ensembles, supporting memory consolidation. This highlights a systems-level mechanism for memory.

Keywords:
amygdalar high-frequency oscillationscell ensemblescortical ripplesinter-regional coactivationneuronal reactivationsharp-wave ripples

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Systems Neuroscience
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Neuronal ensembles, crucial for memory, dynamically change with experience.
  • Factors influencing the stability of neuronal ensemble compositions are not well understood.
  • Previous research focused on local mechanisms, neglecting inter-regional interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamics and stability of neuronal ensembles in the prelimbic cortex (PL5), amygdala (BLA), and hippocampus (vCA1) during fear conditioning and extinction.
  • To explore the role of inter-regional network interactions and sleep oscillations in stabilizing neuronal ensembles.
  • To understand systems-level mechanisms of memory consolidation and extinction.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of neuronal ensemble dynamics in PL5, BLA, and vCA1 of fear-conditioned rats.
  • Recording during conditioning, extinction, retention-of-extinction, and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep epochs.
  • Investigated inter-regional ensemble coactivation patterns and their correlation with ensemble preservation during sleep.

Main Results:

  • Prelimbic cortex (PL5) ensembles were more stable than those in the BLA and vCA1.
  • Extinction reorganized inter-regional ensemble coactivation patterns, but not the number of coactivated pairs.
  • Extinction-related ensembles coactivating across regions during post-extinction NREM sleep were more likely to be preserved.

Conclusions:

  • Local neuronal ensembles contributing to broader inter-regional activity are preferentially stabilized, supporting memory consolidation.
  • Inter-regional network interactions during sleep, particularly fast network oscillations, play a critical role in stabilizing extinction-related memory ensembles.
  • Findings suggest a systems-level mechanism for memory stabilization involving coordinated activity across brain regions.