Chemical composition and bioinsecticidal activity of bioinputs produced by Saccharopolyspora spinosa

The growing demand for sustainable agricultural pest control solutions has increased the use of microbial bioinput. This study characterized an industrial bioinput produced by Saccharopolyspora spinosa, focusing on identifying metabolites and quantifying spinosyns A and D by HPLC-MS. The concentrations of these compounds were 29.4 ± 3.6 mg L^-1 and 13.3 ± 1.5 mg L^-1, respectively, for a total of 42.7 mg L^-1. The limit of quantification (LOQ) and limit of detection (LOD) values obtained were 13.7 ng L^-1 and 4.16 ng L^-1 for spinosyn A and 7.63 ng L^-1 and 2.31 ng L^-1 for spinosyn D, respectively. The bioinput contained essential amino acids (leucine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan), plant cell death inducers (sphinganine), diketopiperazines with insecticidal potential (Cyclo(Met-Val)), larvicides (N-stearoyl tryptophan), antimicrobials (Penicitrinol D), and phospholipids associated with cell defense and stress responses (phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, ceramides, and mycolactones). In vitro trials demonstrated mortalities of 82.5% for Spodoptera frugiperda, 100.0% for Dalbulus maidis, and 64.1% for Ceratitis capitata. These results are statistically equivalent to those obtained using commercial products, which cost up to five times more. This bioinput's chemical diversity suggests multifunctional action, probable synergism, and a lower risk of resistance, which reinforces its potential in biological agricultural management. KEY POINTS: • Identification of a diverse set of bioactive compounds, including spinosyns A and D. • Bioinput achieves statistical efficacy equal to commercial products in in vitro tests. • A sustainable, cost-effective alternative for large-scale production and application.