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Updated: Jan 8, 2026

A Human-machine-interface Integrating Low-cost Sensors with a Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation System for Post-stroke Balance Rehabilitation

A Human-machine-interface Integrating Low-cost Sensors with a Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation System for Post-stroke Balance Rehabilitation

Published on: April 12, 2016

EMG-guided human-machine interaction training develops new intermuscular coordination patterns in stroke: a pilot

Gang Seo^1,2, Manuel Portilla-Jiménez¹, Michael Houston^1,3,4,5

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, 3517 Cullen Blvd, SERC Room 2011, Houston, TX, 77204-5060, USA.

Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation

|December 11, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Electromyography-guided training improved upper extremity motor function in stroke survivors by enhancing muscle coordination. This neurorehabilitation approach shows promise for recovery after stroke.

Keywords:

EMG-guided exercise Human–machine interface Intermuscular coordination Muscle synergy Neurorehabilitation Stroke

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Author Spotlight: Using Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface to Improve Motor and Cognitive Function in Stroke Patients

Author Spotlight: Using Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface to Improve Motor and Cognitive Function in Stroke Patients

Published on: September 1, 2023

Area of Science:

Neurorehabilitation
Motor Control
Biomechanics

Background:

Stroke survivors frequently experience upper extremity motor deficits due to abnormal muscle synergies.
Abnormal intermuscular coordination patterns contribute to functional impairments post-stroke.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of electromyography-guided human-machine interaction (eHMI) training.
To assess eHMI training's ability to expand intermuscular coordination patterns and improve upper extremity function in chronic stroke survivors.

Main Methods:

A six-week eHMI training intervention was conducted with four chronic stroke survivors and three healthy controls.
Participants practiced selective muscle activation (e.g., elbow flexors) guided by electromyography (EMG).
Assessments included intermuscular coordination, task performance, and clinical measures of motor function and spasticity.

Main Results:

Both stroke survivors and controls successfully learned to selectively activate targeted muscles, expanding coordination patterns.
Stroke survivors showed improvements in force generation, reaching, wrist rotation, and clinical motor function/spasticity measures.
Participants reported enhanced ease in performing daily activities.

Conclusions:

This study demonstrates the feasibility of eHMI training for improving upper extremity motor function in chronic stroke survivors.
eHMI training effectively expands habitual intermuscular coordination patterns, addressing a key deficit post-stroke.
eHMI training presents a promising neurorehabilitation strategy for motor recovery following stroke.