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Nutrient patterns and mortality: results from the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) study.

Akari Matsuura1,2, Takeshi Watanabe3, Yuka Torii1,2

  • 1Department of Preventive Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-Cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.

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|December 11, 2025
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Summary

A healthy diet rich in specific nutrients like folate, fiber, and vitamins is linked to lower mortality rates in Japanese adults. Adhering to these nutrient patterns may reduce the risk of death from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease.

Keywords:
CancerCardiovascular diseaseMortalityNutrient patterns

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Dietary patterns significantly influence noncommunicable disease (NCD) prevention.
  • Previous research focused on nutrient patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors or NCDs.
  • The association between nutrient patterns and mortality requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between nutrient patterns and all-cause mortality.
  • To investigate the association between nutrient patterns and cause-specific mortality.
  • To analyze nutrient patterns in a large Japanese population.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort analysis of 72,939 Japanese adults (aged 35-69) with an 11.7-year follow-up.
  • Factor analysis identified four nutrient patterns from 21 nutrients.
  • Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models assessed mortality risks adjusted for confounders.

Main Results:

  • Higher intake of Pattern 1 (folate, carotene, fiber, vitamins C, potassium, iron, retinol) correlated with reduced all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cerebrovascular disease mortality.
  • Moderate intake of Pattern 2 (unsaturated fatty acids, vitamin E) was linked to lower all-cause and cancer mortality.
  • Conversely, higher Pattern 2 intake showed increased cerebrovascular disease mortality risk.

Conclusions:

  • Nutrient patterns rich in folate, carotene, fiber, vitamin C, potassium, iron, and retinol are associated with decreased mortality in Japanese adults.
  • Moderate consumption of unsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E may also reduce mortality risk.
  • Dietary interventions targeting these nutrient patterns could improve population health outcomes.