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Enhancing Disaster Preparedness and Community Safety Through Virtual Simulation: A Scoping Review in Undergraduate
Daniel Torres-Agüero1, Soledad Armijo-Rivera2, Scarlett Vicencio-Clarke1
1Unidad de Simulación e Innovación en Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
|December 12, 2025
Summary
Virtual Simulation (VS) effectively enhances disaster medicine (DM) training for undergraduate nursing students, improving skills like triage and decision-making. However, its application needs expansion to other health professions and incorporation of deliberate practice for greater impact.
Area of Science:
- Health Professions Education
- Disaster Medicine
- Simulation Technology
Background:
- Disaster medicine (DM) training is vital for healthcare professionals responding to societal disruptions.
- Traditional training methods may lack sufficient hands-on experience for recent graduates and final-year students.
- Virtual Simulation (VS) offers a potential solution to enhance practical skills in disaster preparedness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a scoping review examining the utilization of Virtual Simulation (VS) in undergraduate disaster medicine (DM) training.
- To identify current trends, applications, and limitations of VS in preparing future healthcare professionals for emergencies.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted across Scopus, PubMed, WOS, and Scielo databases.
- A 6-step Scoping Review approach, following PRISMA guidelines, was employed to identify relevant studies.
- Data from 17 selected articles were extracted and analyzed, focusing on educational settings, professions, and intervention characteristics.
Main Results:
- Virtual Simulation (VS) implementation in disaster medicine (DM) training is concentrated, primarily in undergraduate nursing education.
- Most programs utilize virtual reality (VR), with limited use of augmented or mixed reality.
- Key training areas include triage, disaster preparedness, evacuation, decontamination, knowledge retention, self-confidence, and decision-making.
Conclusions:
- Virtual Simulation (VS) has demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing technical skills and disaster preparedness among undergraduate students, particularly nurses.
- Current application of VS in undergraduate health education remains limited, with a need for expansion into interprofessional and non-nursing fields.
- Further research and integration of deliberate practice principles are recommended to maximize VS efficiency and enhance large-scale emergency response capabilities.
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