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Longitudinal Study on the Progression of Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Jimma University Specialized Hospital,
Kindu Kebede Gebre1, Million Wesenu Demissie1, Habtamu Abebe Getahun2
1Department of Statistics, College of Computing and Informatics, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.
Background:
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder marked by elevated blood sugar levels. This study is aimed at identifying the factors influencing fasting blood sugar levels and at assessing treatment changes both within and across patients.
Methods:
A retrospective cohort study design was employed to collect relevant data from 100 patients with diabetes, comprising 861 repeated measurements, aged 18 years and above, between September 11, 2018, and October 11, 2021. We utilized a multilevel random coefficient model with time-varying covariates to identify determinants and growth curve analysis to describe patterns of change over time. Additionally, pairwise least square means differences were analyzed to evaluate treatment effects during the follow-up period.
Results:
The variability in fasting blood sugar levels among patients was 29.8%, while 70.2% of the variability was attributed to changes within individual patients. Significant associations were found between fasting blood sugar levels and pulse rate, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and baseline fasting blood sugar levels.
Conclusion:
The findings indicate that fasting blood sugar levels in patients increase as pulse rate, high-density lipoprotein levels, and baseline fasting blood sugar levels rise, with statistical significance at the 5% alpha level. Therefore, it is crucial to monitor these factors closely during patient follow-ups to optimize management strategies.
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