[Obesity as a chronic disease: the key role of new therapies]

. Obesity as a chronic disease: the key role of new therapies. The global prevalence of overweight and obesity has risen dramatically, with obesity now recognized as a chronic, progressive, and multifactorial disease linked to major health complications. Traditional lifestyle interventions and older pharmacologic treatments produce modest and often unsustained weight loss, with limited impact on cardiovascular outcomes. The introduction of GLP-1 receptor agonists-such as liraglutide and semaglutide-has transformed obesity management by producing substantial weight reduction and improving risks of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and sleep apnea. Even more pronounced effects have been observed with tirzepatide, a dual GIP/GLP-1 agonist, which achieves weight loss approaching that of metabolic surgery and demonstrates promising cardiometabolic benefits. Despite their efficacy, these therapies require long-term use, as discontinuation leads to weight regain and potentially increased cardiovascular risk. Concerns also include reductions in lean mass, high treatment costs, and misuse driven by social media. Ensuring appropriate use requires medical supervision, preventive strategies, and public awareness efforts.