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Related Concept Videos

Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts

Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order to...
Multi-species Conserved Sequences02:51

Multi-species Conserved Sequences

Next-generation sequencing technologies have created large genomic databases of a variety of animals and plants. Ever since the human genome project was completed, scientists studied the genome of primates, mammals, and other phylogenetically distant living beings. Such large-scale  studies have provided new insights into the evolutionary relationship between organisms.
Although the genome of each species varies greatly from each other, a few sequences are highly conserved. Such conserved DNA...
Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts

Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order to...
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
Sign Test for Matched Pairs01:17

Sign Test for Matched Pairs

The sign test for matched pairs offers a robust method for comparing two paired samples, often for the effects of an intervention in one of them. This method is very useful in situations where the underlying distribution of the data is unknown. The test compares two related samples—often pre- and post-treatment measurements on the same subjects—to determine if there are significant differences in their median values.
To conduct the sign test, we first calculate the differences in value between...
Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test for Matched Pairs01:09

Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test for Matched Pairs

The Wilcoxon signed-rank test for matched pairs evaluates the null hypothesis by combining the ranks of differences with their signs. It essentially tests whether the median of the differences in a population of matched pairs is zero. Since the test incorporates more information than the sign test, it generally yields more trustable conclusions. This test also does not require the data to follow a normal distribution, but two conditions must be met for it to be applicable: (1) the data must...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

In-vivo Detection of Protein-protein Interactions on Micro-patterned Surfaces
07:42

In-vivo Detection of Protein-protein Interactions on Micro-patterned Surfaces

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Single-Target Pairing System (StarPair) for Large-Scale Interrogation of Cell-Cell Interactions.

Tianjiao Mao1, Lang Nan2, Miao Xu1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, 000000, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|December 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new system called StarPair enables high-throughput, precise single-cell pairing for studying cell-cell communications. This technology achieves over 95% pairing efficiency, advancing research in cell interactions and immune cell-cancer cell dynamics.

Keywords:
cell–cell interactionsdropletsfunctional immune cell screeningsingle‐target pairing

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Last Updated: May 12, 2026

In-vivo Detection of Protein-protein Interactions on Micro-patterned Surfaces
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Published on: March 19, 2010

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Associated Chromosome Trap for Identifying Long-range DNA Interactions
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Measuring Transcellular Interactions through Protein Aggregation in a Heterologous Cell System
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Measuring Transcellular Interactions through Protein Aggregation in a Heterologous Cell System

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Cell Biology
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Intercellular interactions are crucial for organism development and function.
  • Current technologies lack the resolution and throughput for systematic cell-cell communication analysis.
  • Single-cell resolution is needed to dissect complex cellular communication networks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel system for high-throughput, high-precision single-target pairing in droplets.
  • To comprehensively explore parameters influencing single-target pairing efficiency.
  • To enable scalable characterization and manipulation of cell-cell interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the StarPair single-target pairing system.
  • Systematic exploration of factors like target buoyancy, concentration, sorting parameters, flow rates, and electric stimulation.
  • Optimization of pairing parameters for enhanced efficiency and throughput.

Main Results:

  • Achieved pairing efficiencies exceeding 95% upon parameter optimization.
  • Demonstrated an operation frequency of one million single-target pairs per 9.5 hours for two-target assembly.
  • Successfully assessed immune cell-cancer cell interactions for 4 × 10^5 cell pairs and enriched NK-92MI cells.

Conclusions:

  • StarPair provides a powerful tool for dissecting cell-cell communications at scale.
  • The system enables precise manipulation and analysis of cellular interactions.
  • This technology opens new avenues for immunological and cancer research through large-scale cell pairing.