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Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Synthesis and Bioconjugation of Thiol-Reactive Reagents for the Creation of Site-Selectively Modified Immunoconjugates

Synthesis and Bioconjugation of Thiol-Reactive Reagents for the Creation of Site-Selectively Modified Immunoconjugates

Published on: March 6, 2019

Functionalizing Nucleic Acids: Synthesis and Purification Strategies for Bioconjugates as Biomaterials.

Nico Alleva¹, Jian Zhang¹, David Y W Ng¹

¹Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

|December 13, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores methods for creating and purifying nucleic acid conjugates, which are vital for advanced biomedical and materials science applications. Successful strategies yield high-purity materials for diverse uses.

Keywords:

DNA nanotechnology click chemistry hybrid biomaterials nucleic acid bioconjugates purification techniques solid‐phase synthesis therapeutic delivery

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Last Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Synthesis and Bioconjugation of Thiol-Reactive Reagents for the Creation of Site-Selectively Modified Immunoconjugates

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Published on: March 6, 2019

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Synthesis of Protein Bioconjugates via Cysteine-maleimide Chemistry

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Published on: July 20, 2016

Area of Science:

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Materials Science
Nanomedicine

Background:

Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are essential biomolecules for genetic information, catalysis, and protein synthesis.
Advances in stabilization and understanding molecular roles increase their significance in biomedical applications.
Functionalization of nucleic acids with various units creates hybrid biomaterials with tunable properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To review conjugation strategies for creating nucleic acid conjugates.
To critically overview purification methods for these conjugates.
To discuss challenges and broadly applicable strategies for synthesis and purification.

Main Methods:

Summarization of conjugation strategies for nucleic acids.
Overview of chromatographic, membrane-based, and electrophoretic purification techniques.
Analysis of synthesis-purification relationships and common challenges.

Main Results:

Detailed discussion of conjugation approaches with polymers, peptides, proteins, lipids, and saccharides.
Highlighting principles, advantages, and limitations of various purification methods.
Identification of common challenges like solubility, aggregation, and incomplete coupling.

Conclusions:

Effective synthesis and purification strategies are crucial for developing high-purity nucleic acid conjugates.
Tailored nucleic acid conjugates are essential for advanced nanomedicine and materials science.
This review provides a comprehensive guide for researchers in the field.