Hydrogel scaffold for dental pulp regeneration: a systematic review
Wei-Chung Hsueh1, Stella Helen Constantinidou1, Michela Capoferri2
1Dental Biomaterials and Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Cardenal Herrera-CEU University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain.
British Dental Journal
|December 13, 2025
Summary
Hydrogel scaffolds significantly improve vital pulp therapy (VPT) outcomes, promoting pulp regeneration and healing. This review highlights their advantages over conventional materials for preserving tooth vitality.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Dentistry
- Dental Pulp Biology
Background:
- Vital pulp therapy (VPT) is a conservative alternative to root canal treatment for preserving pulp vitality.
- Hydrogel scaffolds show promise for tissue regeneration due to their bioactive properties.
- Limited synthesis exists on hydrogel scaffolds' efficacy in pulp regeneration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the evidence on hydrogel scaffold application in VPT.
- To evaluate the potential of hydrogels in supporting pulp regeneration and healing.
- To compare hydrogel scaffolds with conventional materials in VPT.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of randomized controlled trials (2014-2024) in major databases.
- Evaluation of hydrogel scaffold effectiveness versus non-hydrogel materials.
- Risk of bias assessment using RoB2 tool.
Main Results:
- Nine studies were included from 336 initial records.
- Hydrogel-based scaffolds demonstrated superior performance compared to non-hydrogel scaffolds.
- Enhanced pulp regeneration, reduced inflammation, and prevention of root resorption were observed.
Conclusions:
- Hydrogel scaffolds offer significant advantages in vital pulp therapy.
- Further research is needed to optimize hydrogel types, delivery, and long-term protocols.
- Hydrogels represent a promising strategy for pulp regeneration and healing.
