The risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in pediatric patients under dental and oral surgery
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Fentanyl use increases the risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in pediatric patients undergoing dental and oral surgery. This study identified fentanyl as a significant risk factor for PONV in this population.
Area Of Science
- Anesthesiology
- Pediatric Surgery
- Pharmacology
Background
- Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication following general anesthesia in children.
- Pediatric patients undergoing dental and oral maxillofacial surgeries exhibit a higher incidence of PONV, potentially due to factors like oral bleeding and gastric content aspiration.
- Understanding PONV risk factors in pediatric surgical patients is crucial for effective management and prevention strategies.
Purpose Of The Study
- To retrospectively investigate the risk factors associated with the occurrence of PONV on the first postoperative day in pediatric patients.
- To identify specific anesthetic agents or patient characteristics that correlate with increased PONV incidence after dental and oral maxillofacial procedures.
- To provide data that can inform clinical practice and improve PONV prophylaxis in pediatric surgical settings.
Main Methods
- Retrospective review of anesthesia records for 589 pediatric patients (aged 0-12 years) who underwent dental and oral maxillofacial surgeries.
- Data collected included patient background, anesthesia duration, anesthetic agents (including nitrous oxide), history of PONV, motion sickness, and time to oral intake.
- Statistical analysis involved univariate (Fisher's exact, chi-squared tests) and multivariable (stepwise logistic regression) methods to determine PONV risk factors.
Main Results
- Out of 589 pediatric patients, 86 (14.6%) experienced PONV.
- PONV occurrence was significantly correlated with patient age, anesthesia duration, fentanyl administration, nitrous oxide use, a history of PONV, and motion sickness.
- Fentanyl was identified as the most significant risk factor for PONV, with an odds ratio of 1.76 (95% CI: 1.33-2.32).
Conclusions
- The administration of fentanyl is associated with an elevated risk of PONV in pediatric patients undergoing dental and oral maxillofacial surgery under general anesthesia.
- These findings highlight the importance of considering fentanyl use when assessing PONV risk in pediatric surgical patients.
- Further research may explore alternative analgesia or prophylactic strategies to mitigate PONV associated with fentanyl in this patient group.
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