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Patching Solid Electrolyte Interphase via Modulating Anion Decomposition Reactions for Stable Lithium Metal

Jia-Lin Li1,2, Xue-Qiang Zhang1,2, Pei-Ping Yu3

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|December 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Rapidly patching the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) in lithium metal batteries by modulating bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide anion decomposition reduces inactive lithium formation. This strategy enhances battery cycle life and stability.

Keywords:
Anion decomposition reactionsInactive Li compoundsLithium metal batteriesPouch cellsSolid electrolyte interphase

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Battery Technology

Background:

  • Solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) instability on lithium metal anodes causes repeated rupture and patching.
  • This SEI cycling leads to inactive lithium formation and rapid failure in lithium metal batteries.
  • Inactive lithium compounds in SEI patching are a major cause of poor reversibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a new strategy for rapid SEI patching by modulating bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide anion (FSI-) decomposition.
  • To decrease the amount of inactive lithium compounds formed during battery cycling.
  • To enhance the stability and cycle life of lithium metal batteries.

Main Methods:

  • Modulating FSI- decomposition reactions in the electrolyte by increasing anode overpotential.
  • Applying a high current density during the final stage of lithium deposition.
  • Characterizing SEI composition and evaluating battery performance.

Main Results:

  • The proposed protocol significantly decreased inactive lithium compounds by 62.2%.
  • A prototype pouch cell achieved 202 stable cycles with an energy density of 411 Wh kg-1.
  • Increased anode overpotential promoted fast and complete FSI- decomposition, generating abundant insoluble inorganic components for efficient SEI formation.

Conclusions:

  • Modulating FSI- decomposition provides an effective strategy for rapid SEI patching.
  • The developed protocol enhances SEI stability and reduces inactive lithium formation.
  • This work offers new insights into SEI formation and stabilization for advanced lithium metal batteries.