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Merging Robotics and Virtual Reality for Brain Tumor Surgery: A New Frontier in Surgical Innovation
Aliasghar Karimi1, Saba Moalemi1, Pegah Pedramfard1
1Research Center for Neuromodulation and Pain, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
World Neurosurgery
|December 13, 2025
Summary
Robotics and virtual reality (VR) enhance brain tumor surgery precision and visualization. Continued innovation is needed to overcome challenges like cost and learning curves for wider adoption in neurosurgery.
Area of Science:
- Neurosurgery
- Medical Technology
- Surgical Robotics
Background:
- Brain tumor surgery demands high precision and advanced visualization.
- Robotic systems and virtual reality (VR) offer potential solutions.
- Current neurosurgical techniques face limitations in complex procedures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the integration of robotics and VR in brain tumor surgery.
- To explore their clinical applications, benefits, and challenges.
- To discuss future directions for these technologies in neurosurgery.
Main Methods:
- Narrative review of studies on robotics and VR in neurosurgery.
- Analysis of robotic systems (e.g., da Vinci, ROSA, NeuroMate).
- Evaluation of VR platforms (e.g., Surgical Theater, NeuroVR) for planning and guidance.
Main Results:
- Robotic systems enhance dexterity for complex tumor resections.
- VR platforms improve 3D visualization for preoperative planning and intraoperative guidance.
- Combined technologies reduce surgical risks and improve patient outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Robotics and VR integration significantly advances neurosurgery.
- High costs, limited haptic feedback, and learning curves are key challenges.
- Further research is crucial to overcome limitations and establish new standards of care.
