Interventions to improve cancer screening adherence in migrants and ethnic minorities in the European Region: A...

Adherence to cancer screening programs is crucial for reducing cancer-related mortality, yet migrant and ethnic minorities (MEMs) often show lower participation rates compared to the general population. This systematic review aims to identify effective strategies to improve cancer screening adherence among MEMs in the WHO European Region.

A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, searching Medline, Embase, Scisearch, and Biosis for studies published up to October 13th, 2025. Eligible studies included quantitative and quali-quantitative studies focused on interventions aimed to increase adherence to cancer screening among MEMs. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools.

We included 12 studies, conducted in the United Kingdom, Norway, Israel, and Turkey. All of the interventions focused on breast and cervical cancer screening, with no studies addressing colorectal cancer screening. Effective interventions incorporated culturally and linguistically tailored strategies, such as community-based education, use of cultural mediators, multilingual reminds and information, free transport service and language support. Community-based and informal health education approaches significantly increased screening uptake, particularly among South Asian and ultraOrthodox Jewish women. However, interventions targeting men or colorectal cancer screening were lacking, indicating a significant research gap.

This review highlights the need for gender-inclusive, culturally sensitive policies to improve screening adherence among MEMs. Policymakers should develop integrated screening campaigns that address multiple cancer types, particularly colorectal cancer, and ensure the inclusion of male populations. Enhancing community involvement is essential to achieve equitable screening coverage in line with EU health targets.