Physical activity and dietary patterns of older women with hypertension: a cross-sectional study

Hypertension is a chronic disease and one of the most significant health problems in the older people. Studies have shown that regular physical activity and healthy dietary patterns can help reduce blood pressure. This study aimed to determine the dietary patterns and physical activity levels of older women with hypertension.

This cross-sectional study involved 334 older women with hypertension who were attending hospitals and health care centers affiliated with Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. A convenience sampling method was utilized. Anthropometric measurements, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ), and the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) were employed to gather data. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22 and Nutrition 4 software, utilizing one-sample T-test, independent T-test, chi-square, one-way ANOVA, and linear regression.

The mean age of older women was 69.5 ± 3.12, ranging from 65 to 87 years, and 73.2% were married. 60.1% of them had high physical activity levels. There was an inverse association between systolic blood pressure and physical activity levels. The average daily energy intake was 1999.4 ± 579.58kcal. Predictors of systolic blood pressure included body mass index, daily energy intake, calcium, magnesium, and fiber intake.

This study has demonstrated that the physical activity and dietary habits of older women with high blood pressure are crucial in managing their condition. It highlights the significance of promoting physical activity and healthy eating among this demographic to control high blood pressure effectively.