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Polyzwitterionic Organohydrogel and Soft Composite with Tunable Sol-Gel Properties Enabling On-Demand

Ziyue Miao1,2,3, Xiaodan Hong2, Olli Ikkala2

  • 1College of Smart Materials and Future Energy, State Key Laboratory of Coatings for Advanced Equipment and Advanced Coating Research Center of Ministry of Education of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|December 14, 2025
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Summary

Researchers developed a new polyzwitterionic organohydrogel platform. This versatile material exhibits tunable properties and can be functionalized on-demand for advanced soft composites in sensing and robotics.

Keywords:
Zwitterionic polymerelectromagnetic interference shieldingmechano‐responsive functionorganohydrogelssol–gel transitiontransducerviscoelasticity

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Soft Matter Physics

Background:

  • Zwitterionic hydrogels and aqueous polymers are utilized in various applications.
  • The combination of particle binding and sol-gel transitions in zwitterions offers potential for responsive soft composites.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate organohydrogelation of poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide (PDMAPS).
  • To explore the potential of PDMAPS-based organohydrogels for functionalized soft composites.

Main Methods:

  • Organohydrogelation induced by adding dimethyl sulfoxide to aqueous PDMAPS solutions.
  • Density functional theory (DFT) analysis to understand solvent-polymer interactions.
  • Integration of functional fillers like MXenes and NdFeB microparticles.

Main Results:

  • PDMAPS organohydrogels exhibit ultrahigh stretchability (>2800%), self-adhesion, remoldability, and tunable viscoelasticity.
  • On-demand switching between sol-like and gel-like states by modulating solvent composition.
  • Sol-like state enables mechano-tunable electromagnetic interference shielding with MXenes.
  • Gel-like state yields mechano-magneto-electric transducers with NdFeB for strain detection and haptic feedback.

Conclusions:

  • A versatile organohydrogel platform with tunable viscoelastic properties is introduced.
  • The platform is suitable for on-demand functionalized soft composites.
  • Suggests new design principles for transducing, sensing, and soft robotics applications.