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Determination of Crystal Structures

Determination of Crystal Structures

In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...

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Using Neutron Spin Echo Resolved Grazing Incidence Scattering to Investigate Organic Solar Cell Materials

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Structure-Function Integration in 2D Hybrid Perovskite for Fast Neutron and Gamma Ray Discrimination.

Yingming Wang^1,2, Lingyan Xu^1,2, Chongqi Liu^1,2

¹State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)

|December 14, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Large single crystals of (GABA)2PbBr4 perovskite were grown for advanced radiation detection. This material efficiently distinguishes neutrons from gamma rays and enables high-resolution X-ray imaging.

Keywords:

(GABA)2PbBr4 single crystals fast neutron detection hybrid lead halide perovskites pulse shape discrimination scintillation imaging

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Published on: May 7, 2021

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nuclear Instrumentation
Solid-State Physics

Background:

Distinguishing fast neutrons from gamma rays is critical for radiation detection but technically difficult.
Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites offer potential for novel radiation detection due to their unique properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and characterize large-size, high-quality 2D organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite single crystals, specifically (GABA)2PbBr4.
To evaluate the material's performance in neutron/gamma discrimination and X-ray imaging.

Main Methods:

In situ seed-assisted cooling method for crystal growth.
X-ray diffraction (XRD) for structural analysis.
Optical characterizations including photoluminescence (PL).
Scintillation performance testing for energy resolution and light yield.
Pulse shape discrimination (PSD) analysis.
Fabrication of flexible composite scintillation films.

Main Results:

Successfully grew large, highly oriented (GABA)2PbBr4 single crystals with a narrow FWHM of 12.81″.
Observed a wide bandgap (~3.0 eV), sharp excitonic emission, and self-trapped exciton behavior.
Achieved excellent energy resolution (9.0% at 662 keV) and high light yield (10,695 ph MeV⁻¹).
Demonstrated superior neutron/gamma PSD with a figure-of-merit (FOM) of 1.74.
Developed flexible films capable of high-resolution X-ray imaging (up to 10 LP mm⁻¹).

Conclusions:

The (GABA)2PbBr4 perovskite is a promising multifunctional scintillator material.
Its properties enable efficient neutron/gamma discrimination and advanced imaging applications.
This work paves the way for novel radiation detectors and imaging devices.