Correlation between Serum Uric Acid Level and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Patients with Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) is a major public health concern with increasing prevalence worldwide. Serum uric acid (SUA) has been proposed as a potential biomarker in HF, with its levels potentially correlating with the severity of systolic dysfunction. However, the relationship between SUA and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) remains unclear.

A cross-sectional study was conducted at DY Patil University School of Medicine, Navi Mumbai, involving 60 patients diagnosed with HF. Patients were categorized based on LVEF into HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF), and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). SUA levels were measured, and patients were classified into hyperuricemia or normal uric acid level groups. Demographics, comorbidities, and clinical symptoms were also recorded. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the correlation between SUA and LVEF.

Of the 60 patients enrolled, 65% were female, with a mean age of 61-70 years. The majority had HFrEF (70%), followed by HFmrEF (26.67%) and HFpEF (3.3%). Hyperuricemia was observed in 38.3% of patients. A weak negative correlation was found between LVEF and SUA (r = -0.070), which was not statistically significant (p = 0.599). Although hyperuricemia was more prevalent in HFrEF, no significant relationship was established between SUA levels and severity of systolic dysfunction.

The study found a weak and statistically insignificant correlation between SUA levels and LVEF in HF patients. This suggests that SUA may not be a reliable biomarker for assessing the severity of systolic dysfunction. Further studies involving larger, more diverse populations are needed to clarify the prognostic role of SUA in HF.