3D-printed models in atlantoaxial surgery training: a comparative study and questionnaire survey

Area of Science:

• Neurosurgery
• Medical Education
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Atlantoaxial surgery training faces challenges due to limited case numbers and complexity.
• Research in optimizing surgical training for these procedures is scarce.
• Three-dimensional (3D) printing offers potential for creating high-fidelity anatomical models.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the role of custom 3D-printed models in atlantoaxial surgery training.
• To assess the impact of 3D models on anatomical understanding and surgical technique acquisition.

Main Methods:

• A mixed-methods approach combining lectures, 3D-printed models, and cadaveric practice.
• Participants were randomized into a study group (received 3D models) and a control group.
• Performance was assessed via pre- and post-course quizzes and self-assessment questionnaires.

Main Results:

• The study group showed significant improvement in post-course quiz scores compared to the control group (p=0.044).
• Enhanced understanding of atlantoaxial anatomy was noted in the study group (p=0.09).
• A majority of participants found 3D models beneficial for understanding anatomy (24/27) and surgical techniques (21/27).

Conclusions:

• Custom 3D-printed models can be a valuable adjunct for atlantoaxial surgery training.
• These models improve anatomical comprehension and trainee confidence.
• Further large-scale validation is needed due to preliminary findings and small sample size.