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User-Centered Development of a Chatbot for Diverse Adolescents at High Risk for Eating Disorders.

Nathalie A Gullo1, Jake Goldberg1, Carli P Howe1

  • 1Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.

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A user-centered chatbot shows promise for preventing eating disorders (EDs) in at-risk adolescents. Feedback highlighted the need for content adaptation to improve engagement and address specific concerns.

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adolescentsdigital mental healtheating disorder preventionqualitative analysisuser‐centered design

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Area of Science:

  • Adolescent mental health
  • Digital health interventions
  • Eating disorder (ED) prevention

Background:

  • Adolescence is a critical period for eating disorder (ED) onset.
  • Comorbid depression and anxiety increase ED risk in adolescents.
  • Scalable digital tools like chatbots are needed for ED prevention in diverse youth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To utilize user-centered design to tailor a rule-based chatbot for ED prevention.
  • To assess the potential of a chatbot intervention for diverse adolescents at risk for EDs.
  • To gather feedback on a chatbot's structure, content, and engagement for adolescents.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted semi-structured interviews with 15 adolescents (aged 14-17) at risk for EDs.
  • Utilized a think-aloud format to gather feedback on chatbot layout and scripts.
  • Coded interview transcripts using an inductive approach to identify key themes.

Main Results:

  • Participant feedback converged on user experience, barriers/facilitators to engagement, and content relatability.
  • Adolescents appreciated the chatbot's interface, psychoeducation, and relatable content.
  • Identified barriers included time constraints, motivation, and specific content focus (e.g., binge-eating).

Conclusions:

  • The chatbot demonstrated potential for use with at-risk adolescents.
  • Content adaptation based on user feedback is crucial for effectiveness.
  • Future work will integrate feedback and evaluate the intervention's efficacy.