Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

1.3K
Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac...
1.3K
Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents

1.2K
Positive inotropic agents are commonly used as the first line of treatment for heart failure. One such agent is digoxin, derived from the genus Digitalis, which has been known for centuries but effectively utilized since 1785. However, these cardiac glycosides can have potentially toxic effects due to their mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase and increasing contractility. Digoxin is absorbed orally and distributed in various tissues, including the CNS. It has a long...
1.2K
Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

2.3K
The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
2.3K
Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm01:19

Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm

8.6K
The normal cardiac rhythm is a synchronized electrical activity that facilitates the regular and coordinated contraction of the heart muscle. This process is essential for efficient blood circulation throughout the body. The fundamental elements involved in establishing and maintaining this rhythm include the unique electrical properties of cardiac muscle cells, the sinoatrial (SA) node's pacemaker function, the specialized conducting system, and the ionic mechanisms underlying each phase...
8.6K
Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias01:28

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

1.6K
Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.
1.6K
Ventilatory Modes01:14

Ventilatory Modes

1.2K
Mechanical ventilators are life-saving devices that support or replace spontaneous breathing. They deliver breaths to patients through varying methods known as ventilator modes. Understanding these modes is critical for healthcare providers managing patients with respiratory failure.
There are three ventilatory modes: full support, partial support, and spontaneous. These are described below.
Full Support Modes
Full support modes include controlled mechanical ventilation, continuous mandatory...
1.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pulsed field ablation for pulmonary vein isolation with or without posterior wall ablation in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation: a multicenter study.

Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing·2026
Same author

Persistent Iatrogenic Atrial Septal Defect Following Pulsed Field Ablation Guided by Left Atrial Intracardiac Echocardiography: Incidence, Predictors, and Clinical Outcomes.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Generalized Coronary Spasm after Pulsed Field Ablation: Not a device complication alone, but a possible interaction between technology and host biology.

Heart rhythm·2026
Same author

Leadless Pacemaker Dysfunction From Interference by a Retained Transvenous Pacemaker With Active Minute Ventilation Sensor.

JACC. Case reports·2026
Same author

Outcomes of left atrial appendage closure vs oral anticoagulation after catheter ablation among patients with higher and lower stroke risk: A subanalysis of the OPTION clinical trial.

Heart rhythm·2026
Same author

Percutaneous left atrial appendage closure following catheter ablation therapy of atrial fibrillation: outcomes stratified by bleeding risk - a sub-analysis of the OPTION study.

Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Translational Rabbit Model of Chronic Cardiac Pacing
06:14

Translational Rabbit Model of Chronic Cardiac Pacing

Published on: January 6, 2023

3.1K

Novel Pacing Mode Conserves Battery in Dual-Chamber Leadless Pacemakers.

James E Ip1, Nima Badie2, Mayer Rashtian3

  • 1Weill Cornell Medicine/New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA.

Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology
|December 15, 2025
PubMed
Summary

A new AAI(R)+VVI programming option for dual-chamber leadless pacemakers (LPs) demonstrated 100% safety over 6 months. This programming significantly extends atrial and ventricular leadless pacemaker battery longevity, improving device performance.

Keywords:
AVEIRbattery longevitydual‐chamberleadless pacemaker

More Related Videos

Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing
12:45

Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing

Published on: December 11, 2017

10.9K
Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy As a Chronic Heart Failure Model in Swine
10:08

Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy As a Chronic Heart Failure Model in Swine

Published on: February 17, 2018

13.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Translational Rabbit Model of Chronic Cardiac Pacing
06:14

Translational Rabbit Model of Chronic Cardiac Pacing

Published on: January 6, 2023

3.1K
Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing
12:45

Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing

Published on: December 11, 2017

10.9K
Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy As a Chronic Heart Failure Model in Swine
10:08

Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy As a Chronic Heart Failure Model in Swine

Published on: February 17, 2018

13.9K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular medicine
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Medical device technology

Background:

  • Dual-chamber leadless pacemaker (LP) systems utilize distinct atrial (ALP) and ventricular (VLP) devices with wireless communication.
  • A novel i2i communication-free programming option (AAI(R)+VVI) was introduced to enhance battery longevity and reduce unnecessary ventricular pacing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical safety and battery longevity improvements of the AAI(R)+VVI programming option in dual-chamber LP systems.
  • To assess the impact of this programming on device performance and patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, nonblinded, interventional study enrolled patients indicated for dual-chamber pacing.
  • Device diagnostics and battery longevity were monitored before and after 6 months of AAI(R)+VVI programming.
  • Longevities of ALPs and VLPs were compared between DDD(R) and AAI(R)+VVI modes.

Main Results:

  • Eighty-four patients completed the 6-month follow-up, demonstrating a 100% complication-free rate and a 97.6% symptom-free rate.
  • In patients switched from DDD(R) to AAI(R)+VVI, ALP longevity increased by 93% and VLP longevity by 61%.
  • Significant p-values (<0.001) confirmed the statistical significance of the longevity improvements.

Conclusions:

  • The AAI(R)+VVI programming option for dual-chamber LPs is clinically safe over a 6-month period.
  • This programming strategy leads to minimal symptoms and significantly extends the battery longevity of both atrial and ventricular leadless pacemakers.