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Multiple Meniscus Depinning Transitions in Open Capillary Slits.

Jiří Janek1, Andrew O Parry2, Alexandr Malijevský1,3

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|December 15, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study investigates fluid behavior at edges using macroscopic theory and density functional theory (DFT). It reveals four distinct fluid states (pinned, partially pinned, depinned) influenced by geometry and surface properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Surface science
  • Statistical mechanics

Background:

  • Understanding fluid behavior in confined geometries is crucial for various applications.
  • Meniscus depinning transitions are key phenomena at fluid-solid interfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate edge-induced meniscus depinning transitions in confined fluids.
  • To analyze the influence of geometric confinement and surface properties on fluid states.

Main Methods:

  • Macroscopic theory
  • Classical density functional theory (DFT)

Main Results:

  • Predicted four distinct condensed states: fully pinned, partially pinned, and depinned.
  • Identified transitions as second order for partial wetting and third order for complete wetting/drying.
  • DFT calculations quantitatively confirmed macroscopic predictions, with deviations in complete wetting scenarios.

Conclusions:

  • Edge geometry significantly influences meniscus morphology and depinning transitions.
  • The stability of fluid states is sensitive to the D/L ratio and Young contact angle.
  • Macroscopic theory and DFT provide a robust framework for studying confined fluid behavior.