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Related Concept Videos

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease I: Meaning and Pathophysiology01:29

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease I: Meaning and Pathophysiology

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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) involves the recurrent backflow of the stomach or duodenal contents into the esophagus, leading to troublesome symptoms and potential esophageal mucosal damage. Although GERD is often referred to as a disease, it is more accurately described as a syndrome, as it encompasses a range of symptoms and complications rather than a singular pathological entity, impacting a large number of individuals as the most prevalent upper gastrointestinal problem. Roughly...
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management01:29

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a persistent medical condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Its clinical manifestations can vary greatly, making diagnosis and management challenging for healthcare professionals. The following is a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, assessment, and management strategies for GERD.
Clinical Manifestations
GERD presents itself in a multitude of ways, with symptoms varying from person to person. The hallmark symptoms are...
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Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction01:21

Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction

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Barrett's esophagus is a medical condition where the esophageal mucosa is significantly damaged by stomach acid or other digestive fluids, often due to long-term exposure associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In GERD, a weakened or abnormally relaxed lower esophageal sphincter allows stomach acid to flow persistently into the esophagus.
This constant acid exposure transforms the esophagus's pink mucosal lining (stratified squamous epithelium) into a type of lining more...
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Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:21

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Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
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Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

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Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
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The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease01:25

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the backward flow of stomach contents (acid, pepsin, or bile) into the esophagus, causing mucosal inflammation known as esophagitis. It results from failure of antireflux mechanisms, mainly the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), influenced by mechanical and physiological factors.Etiology and Risk FactorsGERD develops when LES function is weakened or when intra-abdominal pressure increases. Risk factors include aging, obesity, and sliding hiatal hernia,...
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GERD and Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Janice Huang1, Nicolas Jo2, Garret Forman1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) increases the risk of laryngeal cancer. This study quantifies GERD

Keywords:
gastroesophageal reflux diseaseinflammationlaryngeal cancermeta‐analysisupper aerodigestive tract

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Oncology
  • Epidemiology of Cancer
  • Upper Aerodigestive Tract (UADT) Malignancies

Background:

  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common condition.
  • The link between GERD and cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT), excluding esophageal adenocarcinoma, requires further clarification.
  • Understanding these associations is crucial for risk stratification and early detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze observational studies.
  • To quantify the association between GERD and specific UADT cancers.
  • To exclude the well-established link with esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search of major databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane, CINAHL) from 2000-2024.
  • Inclusion of cohort and case-control studies on GERD and UADT cancers (excluding esophageal adenocarcinoma).
  • Quality assessment using Newcastle-Ottawa scale and meta-analysis using random effects models to calculate pooled relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Main Results:

  • Seventeen studies with nearly 1.8 million participants were included.
  • A significant association was found between GERD and laryngeal cancer (RR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.19-2.31).
  • No significant associations were observed for pharyngeal, oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, or esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Conclusions:

  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is linked to an elevated risk of laryngeal cancer.
  • These findings highlight the potential role of reflux in UADT carcinogenesis.
  • Further research is warranted, especially in high-risk populations.