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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
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Tunable Multimetallic Single-Atom Catalysts for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

Jeong Eun An1, Irtiqa Mishal1, Doyeon Kim2

  • 1Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|December 15, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a scalable method for creating diverse single-atom catalysts (SACs) with tunable compositions. The MnCoNi ternary SAC demonstrated superior performance for the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).

Keywords:
N‐doped carbonscomposition tuninghigh‐density metal atomshydrogen evolution reactionsingle‐atom catalysts

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Single-atom catalysts (SACs) offer high efficiency and selectivity.
  • Developing SACs with tunable compositions is crucial for expanding their applications.
  • Transition metal SACs are promising for various catalytic reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a scalable synthesis strategy for diverse transition metal SACs.
  • To investigate the composition-dependent electrocatalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
  • To understand the synergistic effects in multi-component SACs.

Main Methods:

  • Scalable synthesis of transition metal SACs (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) with varying compositions.
  • Utilizing pyrolyzed zeolitic imidazole frameworks (ZIF-8) for N-doped carbon nanoparticle supports.
  • Characterization using X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) for structural analysis.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized SACs with high transition metal loadings (>10 wt%) and TM-N4 coordination.
  • Demonstrated tunable compositions from unitary to quinary (MnFeCoNiCu).
  • The MnCoNi ternary SAC exhibited the highest electrocatalytic activity for alkaline HER due to synergistic effects.

Conclusions:

  • The developed scalable strategy enables the synthesis of diverse, high-loading TM SACs.
  • Multi-component SACs, particularly MnCoNi, show enhanced HER performance.
  • Synergistic effects and improved electrolyte adsorption in multi-component SACs accelerate HER kinetics.