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Shape Memory-Driven Intelligent Composite Film for Infrared Stealth and Adjustable EMI Shielding.

Yang Bai1, Jiayi Ju1, Yujie Pan1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China.

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Summary

This study introduces a novel polymer composite that offers adjustable electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and infrared stealth. The material demonstrates tunable performance and self-healing properties for advanced electronic applications.

Keywords:
composite filmelectromagnetic interference shieldinginfrared stealthshape memory

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • The growing complexity of the electromagnetic environment necessitates advanced electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials.
  • Developing polymer-based EMI shielding with tunable performance and recyclability presents significant challenges in structural control and functionality.
  • Intelligent electronic materials require integrated functionalities like EMI shielding, infrared stealth, and responsiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a multifunctional shape memory polyurethane (SMPU)-based composite system.
  • To integrate electromagnetic shielding and infrared stealth capabilities with intelligent responsiveness.
  • To achieve precise structural control and tunable functionality in advanced polymer composites.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized SMPU using polytetramethylene ether glycol, 4,4'-dicarboxydiphenyl disulfide, isophorone diisocyanate, and tannic acid.
  • Incorporated dynamic disulfide bonds and hydrogen bonding for self-healing and shape memory properties.
  • Introduced silver nanowires (AgNWs) and layered MXene, forming a 1D/2D hybrid conductive pathway via Ag-S covalent bonding and interfacile interactions.

Main Results:

  • Achieved tunable electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) from 60.0 to 11.0 dB under 0-30% tensile strain in the X-band (8-12 GHz).
  • Demonstrated excellent infrared stealth performance with stable surface temperature (≈20 °C) during shape memory recovery at 50 °C.
  • Enhanced electrical conductivity stability and interfacial stability through the formation of a stable hybrid conductive pathway.

Conclusions:

  • The developed SMPU-based composite system offers a practical approach for creating intelligent electronic materials with tunable functionality.
  • The integration of dynamic bonds and hybrid conductive fillers provides long-term stability and self-healing properties.
  • This work advances the design of advanced materials for electromagnetic shielding and thermal management in complex environments.