A Cost-Effective, Multifunctional, Clinical-Oriented Double-Layer Electrospinning Membrane for Corneal Repair

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Ophthalmology
• Regenerative Medicine

Background:

• Corneal defects pose a significant global health challenge, with limited donor availability and issues associated with amniotic membrane (AM) use.
• Existing treatments like AM have limitations including variability, poor mechanical strength, and quality control challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a multifunctional, double-layered artificial basement membrane as a superior alternative to AM for corneal repair.
• To incorporate recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) for controlled release, supporting corneal regeneration.

Main Methods:

• Electrospinning was used to create a double-layered membrane with chitosan/polyvinylpyrrolidone and polycaprolactone/gelatin layers.
• rhEGF was encapsulated within the membrane for sustained, physiologically aligned release.
• The artificial membrane's performance was evaluated in a rabbit corneal defect model.

Main Results:

• The artificial basement membrane exhibited excellent biocompatibility and promoted sustained corneal re-epithelialization.
• The double-layered structure provided optimal mechanical robustness and transparency.
• The controlled release of rhEGF supported the corneal regeneration cycle.

Conclusions:

• The developed artificial basement membrane is a promising, standardized alternative to AM for treating corneal defects.
• This innovation addresses limitations of AM, offering improved cost-effectiveness, handling, and quality control.
• The artificial membrane provides an accessible solution for corneal repair, enhancing patient outcomes.