Cavity preparation with Er:YAGvs, Nd:YAG and diode lasers on remaining dentin thickness (RDT)

Area of Science:

• Dentistry
• Biomedical Engineering
• Laser Technology

Background:

• Preserving remaining dentin thickness (RDT) is vital for pulpal health during cavity preparation.
• Laser technology offers precise, minimally invasive dental treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the effects of Er:YAG, Nd:YAG, and diode lasers on RDT and thermal damage during cavity preparation.
• To determine the optimal laser for conservative cavity preparation near the pulp.

Main Methods:

• 150 extracted human premolars were divided into three laser treatment groups.
• Remaining dentin thickness (RDT) was measured pre- and post-operatively using a stereomicroscope.
• Pulp chamber temperature rise was recorded, and histological analysis assessed thermal effects.

Main Results:

• Er:YAG laser showed superior RDT preservation and minimal thermal damage.
• Nd:YAG and diode lasers resulted in significant thermal effects and reduced dentin preservation.
• Histological evaluation confirmed less thermal damage with Er:YAG laser.

Conclusions:

• Er:YAG laser is optimal for hard tissue applications requiring minimal thermal damage and maximal dentin preservation.
• Nd:YAG and diode lasers necessitate caution due to higher thermal effects and reduced dentin conservation near the pulp.