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Left Ventricular Functional Alterations across Types and Severity of Hypertrophy

Vivek Sullere1, Idris Ahmed Khan2, Rakesh Gupta3

  • 1Department of Non-Invasive Cardiology, Bombay Hospital, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Heart Views : the Official Journal of the Gulf Heart Association
|December 15, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) worsens heart function, with reduced ejection fraction (EF) and impaired systolic/diastolic filling. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) detects early dysfunction and predicts effort tolerance even in mild LVH.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Heart Failure Research

Background:

  • Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a significant risk factor for chronic heart failure, even with preserved ejection fraction (EF).
  • Systolic contraction impairment and abnormal diastolic filling are implicated in heart failure progression.
  • Understanding LVH's impact on cardiac function is crucial for managing heart failure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate changes in left ventricular (LV) function across different types and severities of LVH.
  • To correlate LVH characteristics with markers of systolic and diastolic dysfunction.
  • To assess the role of global longitudinal strain (GLS) in early LV dysfunction detection.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 518 echocardiography-confirmed LVH patients.
  • Patients categorized by LV mass index, wall thickness, and relative wall thickness.
  • Comparison with 707 healthy subjects; analysis of echocardiographic and exercise tolerance data.

Main Results:

  • LV function markers (EF, GLS, MV s', TAPSE, TV s') declined progressively with increasing LVH severity.
  • Indices of elevated filling pressure (E/e') and pulmonary pressure (RVSP) increased with LVH severity.
  • Eccentric LVH mirrored severe LVH; concentric remodeling mirrored mild LVH.

Conclusions:

  • LV function parameters (EF, GLS, effort tolerance, MVs', E/e') progressively derange with LVH severity.
  • Right ventricular (RV) function (TAPSE, TVs') and pulmonary artery pressure (RVSP) also deteriorate with increasing LVH.
  • GLS is a sensitive marker for early LV dysfunction and predicts effort tolerance, even in mild LVH.
Abstract

Keywords:
Diastolic dysfunctionechocardiographyeffort toleranceleft ventricular global longitudinal strainleft ventricular hypertrophy

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