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Flash Infrared Annealing for Perovskite Solar Cell Processing
Published on: February 3, 2021
Spectroscopic investigation of the solvated MAPbI3 transition to perovskite crystals: a temperature-dependent Raman
Abdul Zeeshan Khan1, Muhammad Shafi2, Tarek A Kandiel1,3
1Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia. tarek.kandiel@kfupm.edu.sa.
Abstract:
Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) have emerged as a transformative photovoltaic technology, achieving remarkable efficiency improvement in solar cell applications. However, the stability of perovskite-based materials remains a key issue and thus requires advanced non-destructive characterization methods. Raman spectroscopy, owing to its sensitivity to molecular and structural changes, is a promising tool for probing the surface characteristics of perovskite materials and for providing valuable insights into their vibrational properties and phase transition behavior. In this study, both in situ and ex situ Raman spectroscopy were employed to investigate the transition of solvated methylammonium iodide (MAI) and PbI2 to MAPbI3 perovskite crystals. The crystalline MAPbI3 phase formed at 60 °C exhibited no distinct first-order Raman modes under 532 and 633 nm excitations, depicting its Raman inactivity under these conditions. Weak scattering features observed using a 785 nm laser can be attributed to the dynamic reorientation of methylammonium cations. These conclusions were supported by spectral measurements conducted under inert and atmospheric conditions at various power levels.
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