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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Mesocosm-Scale Constructed Wetland Design for Wastewater Treatment
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Restoring Shallow Lakes by Constructing Pollution Absorption Zone: Practices and Insights.

Yihui Zhang1, Jinge Zhu1, Weiping Hu1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.

Environmental Science & Technology
|December 15, 2025
PubMed
Summary

A novel pollution absorption zone (PAZ) system effectively restores shallow eutrophic lakes by reducing pollution and enhancing aquatic vegetation. This engineering solution improves water quality and ecological structure, offering a scalable approach for lake restoration.

Keywords:
aquatic vegetationlake restorationpollution absorption zoneshallow-water lakewind wave

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Ecological Restoration
  • Limnology

Background:

  • Shallow eutrophic lakes face degradation due to excessive nutrient loads (nitrogen, phosphorus) and loss of aquatic vegetation.
  • Existing restoration methods often struggle with large-scale application and long-term effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and evaluate a novel "pollution absorption zone" (PAZ) system for restoring shallow eutrophic lakes.
  • To assess the effectiveness of PAZ in mitigating nutrient loads and restoring aquatic vegetation and ecosystem structure.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of a functionally synergistic PAZ system integrating underwater shoals, bottom traps, prereservoirs, and flow-guiding channels in Lake Changdanghu.
  • Three-year monitoring of water quality parameters, wind wave attenuation, suspended solids, water transparency, and aquatic vegetation recovery.

Main Results:

  • PAZ attenuated wind wave by 72%, significantly reduced suspended solids, and increased water transparency.
  • Improved water clarity facilitated the recovery of aquatic vegetation, increasing its area, coverage, biomass, and distribution range.
  • The PAZ system effectively intercepted polluted inflows, enhanced in situ pollutant purification, and restored ecosystem structure.

Conclusions:

  • The PAZ system provides an effective, large-scale engineering solution for mitigating nutrient pollution and restoring degraded lake habitats.
  • Coupled physical-ecological interventions within the PAZ system successfully balance environmental carrying capacity with nutrient pressure.
  • This replicable approach offers a promising strategy for sustainable management of eutrophic lakes worldwide.