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A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
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Accidental coincidences in camera-based high-dimensional entanglement certification
Optics Letters
|December 15, 2025
Summary
Accidental coincidences in photon pair measurements significantly affect entanglement certification. Current cameras can certify entanglement without subtraction, but only with a Gaussian approximation for the quantum state.
Area of Science:
- Quantum optics
- Quantum information science
- Experimental quantum physics
Background:
- High-dimensional entangled states are crucial for quantum technologies.
- Camera-based coincidence counting has advanced state characterization.
- Subtracting accidental coincidences is a common but limiting practice.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate the impact of accidental coincidences on entanglement certification.
- Evaluate entanglement certification with and without accidental subtraction using SPAD arrays and Tpx3Cam.
- Determine conditions under which entanglement can be certified without accidental subtraction.
Main Methods:
- Utilized single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array and intensified time-stamping (Tpx3Cam) camera.
- Employed Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) and entropy-based entanglement criteria.
- Analyzed the influence of camera temporal characteristics on accidental coincidences.
Main Results:
- Accidental coincidences critically impact entanglement certification, depending on camera temporal properties and subtraction methods.
- Entanglement certification without accidental subtraction is achievable with current cameras, but requires a Gaussian approximation of the two-photon state.
- The level of accidental coincidences directly influences the validity of entanglement certification.
Conclusions:
- Understanding and managing accidental coincidences is vital for reliable entanglement certification.
- Gaussian approximation enables entanglement certification without subtraction for current single-photon camera technologies.
- This research aids in developing robust quantum technologies and testing quantum foundations.
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