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Single-cell analysis reveal cell-type-specific RNA methylation patterns in breast cancer.

Shengtao Huang1, Yichen Lin2, Xiaobing Liu3

  • 1Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Fujian Provincial Maternal and Child Hospital, China.

The Journal of International Medical Research
|December 15, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

RNA methylation is suppressed in metastatic breast cancer, impacting cell differentiation and immune responses. This study reveals key insights into RNA methylation

Keywords:
Breast cancerRNA methylationepigenetic reprogrammingimmune escapemetastasissingle-cell

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • RNA methylation plays a crucial role in gene regulation and cellular processes.
  • Aberrant RNA methylation patterns are implicated in various cancers, including breast cancer.
  • Understanding cell-type-specific methylation is vital for deciphering cancer progression and immune evasion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cell-type-specific RNA methylation patterns in primary breast cancers versus metastatic lymph nodes.
  • To explore the functional roles of RNA methylation in breast cancer progression and immune regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from five breast cancer patients.
  • AUCell method for calculating RNA methylation scores; Seurat for cell annotation.
  • Differential gene expression, pseudotime, copy number variation, and cell-cell communication analyses.
  • Validation using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) bulk RNA-seq data.

Main Results:

  • Metastatic lymph nodes exhibited significantly lower RNA methylation scores than primary tumors, especially in T and B cells.
  • Low methylation correlated with increased cell differentiation, epithelial cell malignancy, and reduced immune cell communication.
  • Monocytes showed inverse methylation trends; TCGA data stratified patients based on methylation-associated gene expression and survival.

Conclusions:

  • RNA methylation is suppressed during breast cancer metastasis.
  • This suppression influences cell differentiation, immune communication dynamics, and ultimately, patient outcomes.
  • Findings highlight RNA methylation as a potential therapeutic target in metastatic breast cancer.