Temporal interference non-invasive deep brainstimulation: bibliometric, clinical translation and potential for...

Temporal interference stimulation (TIS) is a novel, non-invasive neuromodulation technique that effectively overcomes the depth and electric field dispersion issues of conventional transcranial electrical stimulation. TIS holds promise for achieving greater functional recovery than current neural repair methods. This study aims to assess the current status, trends, and hotspots in TIS development, review its evolution, explore its advanced applications in neurorestoratology, and provide theoretical and practical guidance for its future advancement.

A literature search was performed using the Web of Science database to identify TIS-related studies, and CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used for analysis and visualization. Additionally, PubMed databases were searched with subject terms and keywords to explore the development, evolution, and application of TIS technology in neurorestoratology.

A total of 127 relevant publications were included in the bibliometric analysis. Since the TIS technique was introduced in 2017, the number of related studies has grown annually. The United States and China lead in TIS research output. "Deep brain stimulation" is the most common keyword, highlighting the technique's objectives and potential. The review results indicate that TIS is a safe and effective non-invasive deep brain stimulation method. Although the technology is still in the stages of computer simulations, animal studies, and small human trials, TIS is poised to become a promising tool for neurorestoratology, as the body of literature has expanded over the past 9 years.