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70 km long-range Raman distributed optical fibre sensing through enhanced anti-distortion coding and waveform
Fan Zhang1,2, Jian Li3,4,5, Lulei Li1,2
1College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China.
Nature Communications
|December 15, 2025
Summary
This study enhances Raman distributed optical fibre sensing for long-distance applications. By combining advanced signal processing techniques, it achieves a 70km sensing range with high accuracy, overcoming previous limitations.
Area of Science:
- Optics and Photonics
- Sensing Technology
- Signal Processing
Background:
- Raman distributed optical fibre sensing is limited by low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for distances over 30 km.
- This limitation hinders practical implementation in long-range infrastructure and environmental monitoring.
Purpose of the Study:
- To overcome the distance limitations of Raman distributed optical fibre sensing.
- To improve sensing performance through advanced signal processing techniques.
Main Methods:
- A novel pre-processing framework combining enhanced anti-distortion coding, Raman scattering waveform reconstruction, and Haar wavelet denoising.
- Optimization of complementary sequences correlation to mitigate transient effects.
- Synergistic application of waveform reconstruction, coding gain, and wavelet denoising.
Main Results:
- Achieved a 70.0 km sensing distance with 1.58 m spatial resolution.
- Maintained 0.91 °C measurement accuracy and 5.39 °C temperature resolution.
- Successfully broke the theoretical trade-off between SNR and sensing distance.
Conclusions:
- The proposed tripartite synergistic mechanism significantly enhances Raman distributed optical fibre sensing capabilities.
- This approach offers a viable solution for long-range infrastructure monitoring and environmental sensing applications.
- The method transcends physical limitations by improving SNR and mitigating signal distortions.
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