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Distributed Loads: Problem Solving01:21

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Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit
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Bayesian-driven autonomous defense adaptive consensus optimisation for blockchain networks.

Smita Sachin Bhore1, N A Natraj2, Giri G Hallur1

  • 1Symbiosis Institute of Digital and Telecom Management, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Scientific Reports
|December 15, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces ADACON, a novel blockchain security framework that dynamically adapts consensus mechanisms using Bayesian threat detection. It enhances network resilience against diverse attacks by intelligently switching protocols, improving security without sacrificing performance.

Keywords:
Adaptive systemsBayesian analysisBlockchainConsensus mechanismsNetwork securityThreat detection

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Cybersecurity
  • Distributed Systems

Background:

  • Blockchain networks face evolving security threats due to static consensus mechanisms.
  • Existing hybrid approaches lack dynamic adaptability to real-time threat landscapes.
  • The need for resilient blockchain systems in critical infrastructure is paramount.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and evaluate Autonomous Defense-Adaptive Consensus Optimisation for Blockchain Networks (ADACON).
  • To investigate real-time adaptation between multiple consensus protocols for enhanced blockchain resilience.
  • To address the critical security gap in decentralized applications by enabling dynamic consensus adjustment.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a modular framework integrating a Bayesian Threat Detector, Consensus Adapter, and Network State monitor.
  • Implemented dynamic switching between five consensus mechanisms (PoW, PoS, PBFT, PoA, DPoS).
  • Evaluated ADACON through simulations with 1,000 nodes against six attack vectors, including Sybil, DoS, and Byzantine attacks.

Main Results:

  • ADACON effectively identified and responded to diverse attacks with low latency (29.7 ms) and high throughput (833 TPS).
  • Framework reliability was confirmed across multiple simulations with consistent performance metrics (CV < 7.1% for latency, 5.4% for throughput).
  • Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) was the most frequently selected mechanism (23.2%), demonstrating balanced security and performance.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic consensus adaptation significantly enhances blockchain security, outperforming existing hybrid methods.
  • ADACON offers substantial security advantages for high-security environments like financial systems.
  • Further research is needed to optimize switching frequency and develop secure transition protocols for maximized effectiveness.