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Related Concept Videos

Aging01:26

Aging

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Evaluation of MicroRNA Expression in Kidney and Serum of Mice with Age-Dependent Renal Impairment
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A urinary microRNA aging clock accurately predicts biological age.

Milos Havelka1, Atsushi Satomura1,2, Hiroki Yamaguchi1

  • 1Craif Inc., Nagoya, Japan.

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|December 15, 2025
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Summary

Researchers developed a novel urinary microRNA (miRNA) aging clock. This non-invasive biomarker accurately predicts biological age, outperforming blood-based clocks.

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Area of Science:

  • Biogerontology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Aging is a complex process with significant health implications.
  • Non-invasive biomarkers for aging are highly sought after.
  • Urine offers a promising source for scalable biomarker development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a urinary microRNA (miRNA) based aging clock.
  • To establish urine as a viable, non-invasive source for aging biomarkers.
  • To identify key urinary miRNAs associated with biological age.

Main Methods:

  • Machine learning algorithms were applied to urinary miRNA expression data from 6331 adults.
  • A predictive model for biological age was trained and independently validated.
  • Key miRNA biomarkers, including known geromiRs, were identified.

Main Results:

  • The urinary miRNA aging clock achieved a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of approximately 4.4 years and an R² of approximately 0.79 upon validation.
  • The clock identified specific miRNAs such as miR-34a-5p, miR-31-5p, miR-146a-5p, and miR-155-5p as key aging biomarkers.
  • While slightly less accurate than DNA methylation clocks, the urinary miRNA clock surpassed blood-based miRNA and mRNA clocks in performance.

Conclusions:

  • Urinary miRNAs represent a promising and truly non-invasive biomarker for assessing biological age.
  • This novel aging clock has potential applications in predicting age-related disease risk.
  • Urine analysis offers a scalable and accessible method for aging biomarker monitoring.