[Structure of community-acquired urinary tract infection pathogens in the Russian Federation in 20222024: results of...

To analyze the structure of pathogens responsible for community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) in the Russian Federation during 2022-2024.

A total of 566,122 microbiological urine samples from residents of 834 cities across 83 regions of the Russian Federation were analyzed between 2022 and 2024. The study was carried out using real-world data (RWD) analysis, based on relevant segments of the Invitro Laboratory database. Separate analyses were performed for specific types of UTIs in pregnant women, children, men, and women across various age groups.

The most common UTI pathogen in Russia was Escherichia coli, detected in 40.7% of men, 69.5% of women, and 61.2% of children with community-acquired UTIs. The prevalence of E. coli was highest among women aged 38-55 years and men aged 20-50 years. The second most frequent pathogen was Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.8%), with an increasing detection rate beginning from the 38-40-year age group. Among other Enterobacterales, Proteus mirabilis was identified in 3.4% of cases. Among Gram-positive bacteria, the leading pathogens were Enterococcus faecalis (5.7%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (1.5%), and Streptococcus agalactiae (1.8%). A significant increase in Streptococcus agalactiae detection was observed in pregnant women (6-19%) compared with non-pregnant women (2-5%) of the same age group.

RWD analysis represents a simple and cost-effective tool for studying the pathogen structure of community-acquired UTIs. It complements traditional microbiological surveillance methods and provides unique insights into infection etiology, including detection rates of less common uropathogens and detailed age-related variations in pathogen distribution.