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Better pancreatic adenocarcinoma outcomes linked to anti-EBV TCR CDR3 detection via tumor RNAseq files.

Madeline C Baker1, Srijit Paul1, Genesis V Lewis1

  • 1Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612 USA.

Human Immunology
|December 16, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) T-cell receptor (TCR) complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3s) in pancreatic cancer patients correlate with improved survival. Higher immune gene expression and lower mutation counts suggest EBV

Keywords:
Disease-free survivalEpstein-Barr virusOverall survivalPancreatic adenocarcinomaTCR CDR3s

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is linked to various cancers, but its role in pancreatic cancer is unclear.
  • Pancreatic adenocarcinoma presents a significant health challenge with complex etiological factors.
  • Understanding the interplay between viral infections and cancer development is crucial for therapeutic advancements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
  • To explore the prognostic significance of T-cell receptor (TCR) complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) sequences matching EBV antigens.
  • To identify potential immune biomarkers and therapeutic targets in EBV-associated pancreatic cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of TCR CDR3 sequences from pancreatic adenocarcinoma tumor RNAseq data.
  • Analysis of patient survival data based on the presence or absence of anti-EBV TCR CDR3 matches.
  • Assessment of immune marker gene expression and genomic mutation counts in relation to anti-EBV TCR CDR3 status.

Main Results:

  • Patients with anti-EBV TCR CDR3 sequences showed significantly better overall and disease-free survival.
  • Higher expression of T-cell function-related immune genes was observed in patients with anti-EBV TCR CDR3s.
  • Anti-EBV TCR CDR3-positive samples exhibited significantly lower tumor mutation counts, suggesting a greater role for EBV in tumorigenesis.

Conclusions:

  • The presence of anti-EBV TCR CDR3s is a favorable prognostic indicator in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
  • Immune marker genes associated with T-cell activity may serve as novel biomarkers for pancreatic cancer prognosis.
  • EBV may play a more substantial role in pancreatic adenocarcinoma development than previously thought, warranting further investigation into EBV-targeted therapies.