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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
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Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
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Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

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Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
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Internal Anatomy of the Kidney01:12

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The kidneys are essential organs in the human body, performing a myriad of tasks that maintain homeostasis and overall health.
Anatomical Position and Dimensions
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Nursing management is essential for preventing complications, maintaining stability, and improving patients' quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD). By using a structured approach, nurses help slow CKD progression and support effective patient care​.1. Comprehensive patient assessmentEffective management begins with nurses reviewing the patient’s medical history, and identifying key risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and nephrotoxic drug use. Nurses assess signs of...
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Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area.
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Unlocking hidden health risks: Exploring community-based screening for kidney disease.

Rehab B Albakr1, Fadel Alrowie1, Ibrahim A Sandokji1

  • 1From the Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, (Albakr, Albacker, Mitwalli), Department of Dermatology (Mitwalli), Department of Pediatrics (Alhasan), Pediatric Department, Pediatric Intensive Care (Temsah), Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences (AlSudais), King Saud University, Riyadh; from the Department of Medicine (Alrowie, Alshammari), Division of Nephrology, King Fahad Medical City; from the Kidney & Pancreas Health Center (Alhasan), Organ Transplant Center of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh; and from the Department of Pediatrics (Sandokji), College of Medicine, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Saudi Medical Journal
|December 16, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Community screening in Saudi Arabia identified chronic kidney disease risk factors. Early detection through point-of-care testing is crucial for monitoring and intervention.

Keywords:
CKDchronic kidney diseasecommunity screeningeGFRestimated glomerular filtration ratepoint-of-care testingrisk factors

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a significant global health burden.
  • Early detection of CKD risk factors is essential for effective management and prevention.
  • Community-based screening initiatives can improve population health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To implement a community-wide screening for chronic kidney disease risk factors in the Saudi population.
  • To assess kidney function using estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) in a diverse participant group.
  • To identify key demographic and clinical factors associated with reduced kidney function.

Main Methods:

  • A point-of-care screening approach was employed in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
  • 215 participants were randomly selected during a World Kidney Day awareness campaign.
  • Estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) were measured to evaluate kidney function.

Main Results:

  • 4% of participants exhibited eGFRs below 60 mL/min/1.73 m², indicating potential kidney impairment.
  • 34% of participants had eGFRs ranging from 60 to 90 mL/min/1.73 m².
  • Older age, overweight/obesity, hypertension, and diabetes were associated with lower eGFRs.

Conclusions:

  • Community-based screening programs utilizing point-of-care testing are effective for early kidney disease detection.
  • Prompt health monitoring and interventions can be facilitated by early detection.
  • Further research is recommended to refine screening criteria for eGFR estimation in similar populations.