Perinatal experiences of disabled women in rural Türkiye: A qualitative study

Women with disabilities encounter unique social and structural barriers that hinder their access to quality reproductive healthcare, particularly in rural settings. These barriers are often exacerbated by societal stigma, discrimination, and inadequate disability-inclusive services.

The objective of this qualitative study is to explore the reproductive experiences of women with disabilities in rural Türkiye, focusing on the pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum periods. The study aims to identify the social and systemic barriers these women face in accessing and navigating maternal health services in these settings.

This qualitative research was conducted in a rural district in southern Türkiye between May and July 2024. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were carried out with 19 women aged 18-49 with various types of disabilities. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis techniques.

Four central themes emerged from the participants' narratives: (1) experiences of social judgment and emotional distress during pregnancy, (2) contrasting birth experiences influenced by the presence or absence of inclusive care, (3) mixed experiences of support during the postpartum period, and (4) identified expectations and encountered social barriers in motherhood. Many participants reported encountering significant stigma, prejudice, and emotional mistreatment from family, community, and healthcare providers. Conversely, the presence of supportive, disability-aware midwives played a vital role in positive maternal experiences, promoting resilience among participants.

The reproductive journeys of disabled women in rural communities are significantly impacted by stigma and systemic inadequacies. Enhancing disability-focused education for healthcare providers, improving postpartum support systems, and addressing social stigma through public education are crucial steps toward achieving reproductive equity.