Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Advanced Experimental Methods for Low-temperature Magnetotransport Measurement of Novel Materials
Published on: January 21, 2016
An approach to the QHE in 3D electron systems
1Departamento de Física y Matemáticas, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain. miguel.hidalgo@uah.es.
Abstract:
We present a theoretical framework for describing the integer quantum Hall effect (IQHE) in three-dimensional (3D) electron systems. This work extends our previous single-electron approach, originally applied to two-dimensional (2D) systems such as quantum wells and graphene. Starting from the graphene model-where the unconventional Hall plateau sequence [Formula: see text] arises from Landau quantization-we generalize the formulation to 3D semimetals with low carrier density and high mobility. Using the Poisson summation method, we derive the density of states in a magnetic field, incorporating Gaussian Landau-level broadening, spin splitting, and thermal damping. The model captures both Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations and quantized Hall conductivities. The resulting Hall conductivity shows quantized values proportional to [Formula: see text], consistent with experimental reports of 3D quantum Hall states. These results offer a unified description of quantum magnetotransport across dimensions and identify key parameters governing the IQHE in 3D semimetals.
Related Concept Videos
The Hall Effect
The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom
The de Broglie Wavelength
The Pauli Exclusion Principle
π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview
The Uncertainty Principle

