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  11. Pheochromocytoma: A Rare Cause Of Abdominal Pain Identified In A Family Medicine Outpatient Department Setting

Pheochromocytoma: A rare cause of abdominal pain identified in a family medicine outpatient department setting

Srk Teja1, Nisarg Aravindan2, Athulya V Ajith3

  • 1Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
|December 17, 2025

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A rare case of malignant pheochromocytoma presented as chronic abdominal pain and weight loss. Early recognition of red flags by family physicians is crucial for timely diagnosis and improved patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Primary Care Medicine

Background:

  • Pheochromocytoma is a rare tumor, often presenting with nonspecific symptoms, making early diagnosis challenging in primary care settings.
  • Abdominal pain, weight loss, and respiratory symptoms can be red flags for serious underlying conditions, including rare tumors.
  • Malignant pheochromocytoma, while infrequent, requires prompt identification and specialized management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of malignant pheochromocytoma presenting with atypical symptoms in primary care.
  • To emphasize the role of family physicians in recognizing subtle signs of rare endocrine tumors.
  • To highlight the importance of timely referral for improved patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 23-year-old male farmer with a 3-month history of right lumbar pain and 1-month history of cough and weight loss.
Keywords:
Family medicineabdominal painpheochromocytoma

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  • Diagnostic workup included laboratory tests, abdominal ultrasonography, and contrast-enhanced CT scan.
  • Clinical presentation and imaging findings were analyzed to identify the underlying pathology.

    • Main Results:

    • Initial evaluation revealed anemia and right-sided pleural effusion.
    • Imaging demonstrated a large, heterogeneous right suprarenal mass with retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy and pleural deposits.
    • Findings were highly suggestive of malignant pheochromocytoma.

    Conclusions:

    • This case underscores the necessity for primary care physicians to consider rare diagnoses like pheochromocytoma in patients with persistent, unexplained symptoms.
    • Early detection through recognition of clinical red flags (chronic pain, weight loss, cough) is vital.
    • Strengthening primary care services can lead to earlier diagnosis, reduced complications, and better prognoses for rare and serious illnesses.