The Pencil Fulcrum Technique: A Simple Method for Closed Reduction of Extra-Octave Fractures in Children

Extra-octave fractures of the fifth proximal phalanx are Salter-Harris type II physeal injuries resulting in ulnar deviation and dorsal angulation. If inadequately reduced, these fractures may result in cosmetic deformity, malalignment, and functional impairment. Traditional reduction methods, such as the Jahss maneuver, can be technically demanding, forceful, and often require sedation or surgical assistance, which limits their use in younger children and in resource-constrained environments. We report our experience with the fulcrum-assisted "pencil technique" for closed reduction in four children, aged 4 to 11 years, under digital nerve block without sedation or traction. The method employs a simple pencil placed at the base of the fourth web space near the metacarpophalangeal joint, serving as a fulcrum. Gentle adduction and flexion pressure is applied to the proximal phalanx, correcting both ulnar deviation and dorsal angulation by biomechanical leverage. Reduction was confirmed clinically and radiographically, and immobilization was achieved with buddy strapping or tin splinting for 3 weeks. All patients achieved stable reduction and demonstrated uneventful healing, pain-free full range of motion, and return to baseline activities at follow-up ranging from 6 to 12 weeks. Functional outcomes assessed by the quick disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (QuickDASH) scores were excellent: two patients scored 0, one 2.27, and another 4.55. No complications or redisplacements were observed. The pencil fulcrum technique is simple, safe, reproducible, and cost-effective. It represents a valuable addition to the armamentarium of physicians managing pediatric extra-octave fractures, particularly in outpatient, emergency, and low-resource settings.