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    Linking addresses to parcel data is crucial for environmental exposure assessment. Address tag fuzzy matching offers 100% accuracy, outperforming geocoding methods, especially in deprived areas.

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    Area of Science:

    • Environmental Health Sciences
    • Geospatial Analysis
    • Public Health Research

    Background:

    • Accurate address-to-parcel linkage is vital for hyperlocal environmental exposure assessment.
    • Current linkage methods' performance and impact on exposure misclassification are not well understood.
    • This study addresses the need for robust methods in environmental health research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the accuracy of address tag fuzzy matching and geocoding (geomatching) for linking addresses to parcel data.
    • To assess the impact of linkage accuracy on parcel attributes like value and usage type.
    • To identify factors influencing linkage performance and potential for exposure assessment bias.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a gold standard match of 853,255 National Address Database records with county parcel data from Hamilton and Franklin Counties, Ohio.
    • Compared address tag fuzzy matching against address point and street range geocoding approaches.
    • Assessed linkage accuracy based on parcel identifier, market total value, and usage type.

    Main Results:

    • Address tag fuzzy matching achieved 100% agreement in linking addresses to parcels.
    • Address point geomatching showed moderate agreement (65.1%–76.1%), while street range geomatching performed poorly (7.2%–59.2%).
    • Poorer linkage agreement was observed in areas with higher address density and material deprivation, indicating potential for differential exposure misclassification.

    Conclusions:

    • Address tag fuzzy matching is a highly accurate method for address-to-parcel linkage.
    • Geocoding methods demonstrate variable and often insufficient accuracy for precise exposure assessment.
    • Standardized and accurate linkage approaches are essential for valid clinical and population health exposure research.