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Atomic state interferometry for complex vector light.

Kuntal Samanta1, Sphinx J Svensson1, Sonja Franke-Arnold1

  • 1School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Kelvin Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)
|December 17, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Complex vector light influences interference effects. This study explores how polarization-structured light impacts atomic state interferometers, revealing spatially dependent dark states and controlled optical absorption.

Keywords:
atom interferometrylight–matter interactionoptical skyrmionsquantum opticsstructured light

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics and atomic physics
  • Interference phenomena with structured light

Background:

  • Complex vector light's features are crucial for interference effects like scattering, diffraction, and nonlinear processes.
  • Atomic state interferometers enable local interference between atomic transition amplitudes, driven by orthogonal optical polarization components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of polarization-structured light in atomic state interferometers.
  • To develop an analytical model for the interaction of generalized structured light with a four-state atomic system.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a fully analytical description for structured light interacting with a four-state atomic system.
  • Investigated interactions involving optical and magnetic transitions.
  • Analyzed various optical beam types, including polarization vortices, optical skyrmions, and polarization lattices.

Main Results:

  • Identified spatially dependent dark states.
  • Linked dark states to spatially structured absorption coefficients.
  • Demonstrated that absorption coefficients are defined by polarization geometry and magnetic field direction.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a new interpretation and enhanced understanding of atomic state interferometry.
  • A versatile mechanism for controlling optical absorption based on polarization and magnetic field alignment is presented.